Innate Inhibiting Proteins Enhance Expression and Immunogenicity of Self-Amplifying RNA


Authors: A.K. Blakney, P.F. McKay, C.R. Bouton, K. Hu, K. Samnuan and R.J. Shattock

Journal: Molecular Therapy

DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.11.011

Publication - Abstract

December 21, 2020

Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) is a cutting-edge platform for both nucleic acid vaccines and therapeutics. saRNA is self-adjuvanting, as it activates types I and III interferon (IFN), which enhances the immunogenicity of RNA vaccines but can also lead to inhibition of translation. In this study, we screened a library of saRNA constructs with cis-encoded innate inhibiting proteins (IIPs) and determined the effect on protein expression and immunogenicity. We observed that the PIV-5 V and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) ORF4a proteins enhance protein expression 100- to 500-fold in vitro in IFN-competent HeLa and MRC5 cells. We found that the MERS-CoV ORF4a protein partially abates dose nonlinearity in vivo, and that ruxolitinib, a potent Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) inhibitor, but not the IIPs, enhances protein expression of saRNA in vivo. Both the PIV-5 V and MERS-CoV ORF4a proteins were found to enhance the percentage of resident cells in human skin explants expressing saRNA and completely rescued dose nonlinearity of saRNA. Finally, we observed that the MERS-CoV ORF4a increased the rabies virus (RABV)-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer and neutralization half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) by ∼10-fold in rabbits, but not in mice or rats. These experiments provide a proof of concept that IIPs can be directly encoded into saRNA vectors and effectively abate the nonlinear dose dependency and enhance immunogenicity.

Advanced Search

close
  • Publications
  • Application Notes
  • Posters
  • Workshops
  • Videos & Webinars
  • Articles
Search

Browse by Category

  • Application
    • Diagnostic and Imaging
    • Genetic Medicine
    • Hematology
    • Metabolic Disorders
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Skeletal Disorders
    • Targeted Drug Delivery
    • Vaccines
    • Other Applications
    • Cell therapy
  • Formulation
    • Liposomes
    • Nucleic Acid Lipid Nanoparticles
    • Polymeric Nanoparticles
    • Other Formulations
  • Payload
    • DNA
    • microRNA
    • mRNA
    • siRNA
    • Small Molecule Drugs
    • Other Payloads


related content

Publication - Abstract

Efficient Targeting and Activation of Antigen-Presenting Cells In Vivo after Modified mRNA Vaccine Administration in Rhesus Macaques

F. Liang, G. Lindgren, A. Lin, E.A. Thompson, S. Ols, J. Röhss, S. John, K. Hassett, O. Yuzhakov, K. Bahl, L.A. Brito, H. Salter, G. Ciaramella and K. Loré

mRNA vaccines are rapidly emerging as a powerful platform for infectious diseases because they are well tolerated, immunogenic, and scalable and are built on precise but adaptable antigen design. We show that two immunizations of modified non-repli...

Read More


Publication - Abstract

The clinical translation of messengerRNA (mRNA) drugs has been slowed by a shortage of delivery vehicles that potently and safely shuttle mRNA into target cells. Here, we describe the properties of a particularly potent branched-tail lipid nanoparticle that delivers mRNA to >8...
Read More


Sign Up and Stay Informed
Sign up today to automatically receive new Cytiva, formerly Precision NanoSystems application notes, conference posters, relevant science publications, and webinar invites.